Activate the yeast: Combine warm water (110°F/43°C), instant yeast, and honey in a large bowl. Let sit 3-5 minutes until foamy.
Add the sourdough discard and 2 tablespoons of olive oil to the yeast mixture. Stir until fully dissolved.
Mix in bread flour, fine sea salt, and garlic powder (if using) until a shaggy, sticky dough forms. Do not add extra flour.
Cover and let the dough rest at room temperature for 30 minutes (autolyse).
Perform two sets of stretch and folds: with oiled hands, stretch and fold the dough over itself 4 times per set, resting 20 minutes between sets.
Cover and let the dough bulk ferment at room temperature for 1 to 1.5 hours until at least 50% larger and bubbly.
Pour 1/4 cup olive oil into a 9x13 inch pan, spreading it evenly over the bottom and up the sides.
Gently transfer the dough to the oiled pan without punching it down. Gently coax it toward the edges, resting if it springs back.
Cover and let the dough proof for 30-45 minutes until puffed, jiggly, and filling the pan.
Preheat the oven to 425°F (220°C). Drizzle 1 tablespoon of olive oil over the dough and press deep dimples with oiled fingers.
Scatter fresh rosemary, sliced garlic (if using), and flaky sea salt over the dimpled surface.
Bake for 22-28 minutes until deep golden brown and crispy on the edges. Tent with foil if browning too quickly.
Cool in the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. Rest for at least 10 minutes before slicing and serving.