Preheat oven to 325°F. Wrap springform pan in two layers of foil. Combine graham cracker crumbs and sugar, then stir in melted butter. Press mixture into bottom and 1 inch up sides of pan. Bake 8-10 minutes until set. Cool completely.
Beat softened cream cheese on medium speed 2-3 minutes until smooth. Add sugar and beat 2 more minutes. Mix in sour cream, lemon juice, lemon zest, and vanilla until combined. Add egg yolks one at a time on low speed, mixing just until incorporated.
Pour filling over cooled crust and smooth top. Place springform pan in roasting pan and add hot water until 1 inch up the sides. Bake at 325°F for 60-70 minutes until edges are set but center jiggles slightly. Turn off oven, crack door, and leave inside 1 hour.
Remove cheesecake from water bath, peel off foil, and run a knife around the edge. Cool completely on a wire rack, then refrigerate uncovered at least 4 hours or overnight.
Whisk together egg yolks, sugar, lemon juice, and lemon zest in a saucepan. Cook over medium-low heat, stirring constantly, 8-10 minutes until thickened. Remove from heat and stir in cold butter cubes one at a time until smooth. Strain through sieve and press plastic wrap on surface. Chill at least 2 hours.
Spread chilled lemon curd in an even layer over the top of the chilled cheesecake. Return to refrigerator while preparing the meringue.
In a heatproof bowl over simmering water, whisk egg whites, sugar, and cream of tartar until sugar dissolves and mixture reaches 160°F (71°C). Transfer to stand mixer and beat on medium-high 8-10 minutes until thick, glossy, and stiff peaks form. Add vanilla and beat 30 seconds.
Pile meringue generously over lemon curd, making sure it touches the crust edges all the way around. Create swoops and peaks with a spatula. Toast with a kitchen torch until golden brown, or broil 2-4 minutes watching carefully. Refrigerate at least 1 hour before serving.